Afghanistan’s Taliban are facing criticism over their human rights record at a United Nations meeting on Monday, with the United States accusing them of systematically depriving women and girls of their human rights. However, in an awkward first for the UN Human Rights Council, the concerned country’s current rulers will not be present because they are not recognized by the global body, represented instead by an ambassador appointed by the previous US-backed government, which the Taliban ousted in 2021. In a series of questions compiled in a UN document ahead of the review, the United States asked how authorities would hold perpetrators to account for abuses against civilians, “particularly women and girls who are being systematically deprived of their human rights”? It also called for the promotion of the rights of LGBTQ persons, noting an “escalation of threats and abuse” since the Taliban takeover. Britain and Belgium also raised questions about . In total, 76 countries have asked to take the floor at the meeting. The Taliban say they respect rights in line with their interpretation of Islamic law. Since they swept back into power, most girls have been barred from high school and women from universities. The Taliban have also stopped most Afghan female staff from working at aid agencies, closed beauty salons, barred women from parks and curtailed travel for women in the absence of a male guardian. Under the UN system, states’ human rights records are subject to peer review in public meetings of the Geneva-based Human Rights Council, resulting in a series of recommendations. While non-binding, these can draw scrutiny of policies and add to pressure for reform. The UN Human Rights Council, the only intergovernmental global body designed to protect worldwide, can also mandate investigations whose evidence is sometimes used before national and international courts.